Una revisión sobre el tratamiento para lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios mediante el acople de procesos avanzados de oxidación y biológicos
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El tratamiento de lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios requiere de procesos que permitan la remoción eficaz de los diferentes contaminantes presentes en este tipo de residuos líquidos. Para el tratamiento de este tipo de residuos se han empleado una gran diversidad de procesos biológicos, los cuales aprovechan la capacidad de transformar los diferentes componentes del medio liquido en biomasa, sin embargo, estos procesos poseen limitaciones debido a las características intrínsecas del lixiviado. En los últimos años se ha impulsado la integración de los procesos biológicos con los Procesos Avanzados de Oxidación, lo cual permitiría reducir significativamente las características toxicas de estos residuos para así cumplir con las condiciones legales para ser vertidos al ambiente sin que se produzcan daños. En la presente revisión se investigan los trabajos recientes (2015 a 2021) referentes al tratamiento biológico y con procesos Avanzados de Oxidación (basados en ozono, procesos electroquímicos y fotocatálisis). Estos procesos se analizan en combinación, para describir las condiciones óptimas en las que se reducen las cargas contaminantes de los lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios. Finalmente es posible identificar que los procesos de tratamiento en estudio son tecnologías que pueden ser acopladas, registrando mayor eficacia y menor generación de subproductos de desecho o lodos.
Yrany M. Rubio-Gomez, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6889-2859
Andrés F. Barajas-Solano, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2765-9131
Luisa F. Ramírez Ríos, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-3847
Fiderman Machuca-Martínez, Universidad del Valle, Cali
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-3957
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Aceptado 2023-05-24
Publicado 2023-09-08
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