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Este artículo se enfoca en la utilización de adiciones tipo microsílice (MS), metacaolín (MK) y carbonato de calcio (CaCO3) para el diseño de tintas cementicias basadas en cemento Portland ordinario (OPC) aptas para impresión 3D (manufactura aditiva). Las adiciones fueron incorporadas en las mezclas como sustitución del OPC en cantidades del 5-10% (MS), 5-15% (MK) y 5-15% (CaCO3). Se evaluó el efecto de las adiciones sobre las propiedades en estado fresco y endurecido de las mezclas tales como capacidad de extrusión, trabajabilidad (minislump), fluidez (mesa de flujo), tiempo de fraguado, tiempo abierto (open time) y capacidad de impresión. Adicionalmente, se realizó una inspección microscópica de las tintas de impresión mediante la técnica de microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) y se llevó a cabo la caracterización físico-mecánica mediante ensayos de densidad, absorción, porosidad y resistencia a la flexión y compresión. Los resultados demostraron que las adiciones influyen directamente sobre las propiedades anteriormente mencionadas. Se concluyó que las mezclas 90%OPC-5%MS-5%CaCO3 (mezcla 1) y 90%OPC-5%MS-5%MK (mezcla 2) exhibieron el conjunto de características más idóneas para ser implementadas como tintas de impresión 3D. A partir de estas mezclas fue posible la impresión 3D de probetas tipo viga (160 x 40 x 40 mm), logrando valores de resistencia la flexión a los 28 días de 3.4 MPa (mezcla 1) y 4.0 MPa (mezcla 2), y de resistencia a la compresión de 44 MPa (mezcla 1) y 50 MPa (mezcla 2). Estos resultados se consideran un punto de partida para futuras investigaciones, relacionadas con el uso de este tipo de adiciones en la impresión 3D de tintas cementicias basadas en OPC.

Miguel A. Muñoz , Universidad del Valle, Cali

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4206-5390

Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez , Universidad del Valle

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5404-2738

1.
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Recibido 2023-08-04
Aceptado 2023-08-17
Publicado 2023-09-08