Proyectos preliminares relacionados con LC, BIM e IA en la industria de construcción
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Introducción: la adopción de Lean Construction (LC), Modelado de Información para la Construcción (BIM) e Inteligencia Artificial (IA) está transformando significativamente la gestión de la construcción. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre la integración de estos tres enfoques en el sector es aún limitada, lo que restringe el avance de la modernización en la industria de la construcción.
Objetivo: este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática de 186 documentos sobre la adopción de LC, BIM e IA en proyectos de construcción. La investigación analiza la literatura existente, identifica patrones y mejores prácticas, y ofrece recomendaciones para integrar estos enfoques en la industria.
Metodología: se utilizó la metodología PRISMA, una guía estructurada para realizar revisiones sistemáticas y meta-análisis, que permitió llevar a cabo cuatro etapas principales: identificación, selección, evaluación de elegibilidad e inclusión. Esta metodología garantiza la transparencia y reproducibilidad del proceso de revisión. La revisión se realizó usando la base de datos Scopus, y se evaluaron herramientas, técnicas y estrategias implementadas en proyectos de construcción, destacando tanto las características específicas de los proyectos como las transversales.
Resultados: la revisión destacó las sinergias entre LC, BIM e IA, mostrando cómo la combinación de estas tecnologías optimiza la eficiencia operativa y reduce el desperdicio en los proyectos de construcción. Además, se subrayó la mejora continua, la toma de decisiones más informadas y la colaboración efectiva entre los actores del proyecto a lo largo de su ciclo de vida.
Conclusiones: se concluye que la adopción de LC, BIM e IA tiene el potencial de transformar el sector de la construcción al optimizar procesos, mejorar la sostenibilidad y permitir una mejor integración de los actores involucrados en los proyectos. Se enfatiza la necesidad de una mayor adopción de estas tecnologías para acelerar la modernización del sector.
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Aceptado 2025-02-11
Publicado 2025-02-26
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