Dehydration of alcohols present in fusel oil and its conversion to alkenes using a HZSM-5 zeolite
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Fusel oil is a by-product of distilleries during the preparation of ethanol by fermentation of sugar. In this paper is shown the results of the catalytic transformation in alkenes of the alcohols present in fusel oil, using two zeolites belonging to the family of Pentasil as MFI and HZSM -5 with Si / Al 28 and 1000, looking for obtaining alkenes such as butene or isopentene widely employed in industry as a bio-lubricant. We found that the most active system towards obtaining alkenes was the HZSM-5 zeolite ratio SiO2/Al2O3 = 28. The analysis of the reaction products was carried out by gas chromatography with FID detector was found that at 200 °C 90% transformation is obtained and only to raise the temperature to 260 °C complete conversion is achieved. Furthermore, all of the catalysts showed a rapid deactivation and the activity dropped sharply after 24 hours.
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