Sensor de humedad basado en carbono derivado de cascarilla de arroz
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Introducción: Los materiales carbonosos derivados de residuos agrícolas, como la cascarilla de arroz (HR), han despertado un creciente interés debido a su potencial en aplicaciones sostenibles, especialmente en los campos de la electrónica, la detección ambiental y el almacenamiento de energía.
Objetivos: Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar la síntesis de materiales carbonosos a partir de HR mediante descomposición térmica a distintas temperaturas (900 °C y 1000 °C), y evaluar su aplicación en la fabricación de sensores de humedad, analizando cómo la temperatura de carbonización afecta sus propiedades estructurales y funcionales.
Materiales y Métodos: Se sintetizaron materiales carbonosos a partir de HR mediante pirólisis a 900 °C y 1000 °C. Las propiedades estructurales y el grado de grafitización se caracterizaron mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX) y espectroscopia Raman. Posteriormente, los materiales obtenidos se integraron en tintas conductoras, empleando distintos aglutinantes y disolventes, para fabricar sensores resistivos. La respuesta eléctrica de estos sensores se evaluó en condiciones de humedad relativa controlada.
Resultados: Los análisis estructurales indicaron que una mayor temperatura de carbonización favorece la formación de estructuras más cristalinas y un mayor grado de grafitización. Los sensores fabricados mostraron diferentes respuestas eléctricas según la temperatura de pirólisis, evidenciando una relación variable entre la resistencia y la humedad relativa.
Conclusiones: La temperatura de carbonización tiene un impacto significativo en las propiedades estructurales y funcionales de los materiales carbonosos derivados de HR. Estos resultados demuestran el potencial de estos materiales para ser optimizados en aplicaciones de detección ambiental, específicamente en la monitorización de la humedad, contribuyendo al desarrollo de soluciones sostenibles en electrónica flexible e impresa.
- carbono
- pirólisis
- caracterización de materiales
- sensor
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