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Introducción: para mitigar las vibraciones en estructuras sometidas a cargas dinámicas, se han estudiado los amortiguadores magnetoreológicos (MR) como una solución eficaz para reducir las fuerzas y deformaciones causadas por estas cargas. Debido a su comportamiento altamente no lineal, es necesario implementar algoritmos de control no lineales para lograr fuerzas de control óptimas que minimicen la respuesta de las estructuras.


Objetivo: este estudio tiene como objetivo reducir la respuesta de un edificio real ubicado en Medellín, Colombia, equipado con amortiguadores MR. Se busca optimizar un controlador de lógica difusa, utilizando funciones de membresía Gaussianas que serán mejoradas mediante el algoritmo de optimización de la ballena, para encontrar el voltaje adecuado que debe aplicarse al amortiguador y generar fuerzas de amortiguación óptimas.


Resultados: los resultados muestran que la implementación de un conjunto de amortiguadores MR, controlados por lógica difusa y optimizados con el algoritmo de la ballena, reduce significativamente la respuesta estructural ante cargas sísmicas. Se observaron reducciones del 68% en desplazamiento, 42% en velocidad, 12% en aceleración, 42% en la deriva entre pisos y 75% en el valor RMS de desplazamiento en comparación con un sistema sin control.


Conclusiones: la aplicación del controlador propuesto demuestra ser efectiva para mejorar el rendimiento de los amortiguadores magnetoreológicos en la reducción de la respuesta estructural ante cargas dinámicas, lo que resalta su potencial en el diseño de sistemas de control para la mitigación de vibraciones en edificaciones.

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Recibido 2024-05-21
Aceptado 2024-09-12
Publicado 2024-09-23