Porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: geometric characteristics, use requirements, materials and additive manufacturing methods
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Materials with an internal porous structure that replace damaged bone and serve as a support for regenerative processes are fundamental tools in bone tissue engineering. In recent years, research has been conducted about the internal geometry that supports must have to meet specific requirements. This review shows the biomaterials and additive manufacturing methods that are used in supports manufacturing, the main features of the geometric cells that conform the cellular materials, the ways that these cells are distributed in space forming periodic or non-periodic structures responding to optimization or procedural generation methods, together with the relationship between geometric characteristics and biological, mechanical and permeability requirements. It ends by describing, in the authors' opinion, the agreements reached in terms of porosity and minimum pore size necessary for bone regeneration, indicating what other relationships between characteristics and geometry and requirements should be studied in the future.
Marco Antonio Velasco Peña, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá, Colombia.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4436-9443
Lina Fernanda Toro Toro, Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje – SENA, Bogotá, Colombia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0979-3241
Diego Alexander Garzón-Alvarado, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0072-3738
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Accepted 2023-07-21
Published 2023-06-26
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