Characterization of liquids in the microwave region using dielectric permittivity sensor
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A sensor is proposed and analyzed numerically for the characterization of the dielectric permittivity of substances in the microwave region. For this, an antenna is used based on a rectangular resonator ring, on a TMM® 13i substrate. This is a thermosetting dielectric polymer ceramic compound with a dissipation factor of 0.0019 at 10 GHz, which allows us to obtain a highly resonant device at the frequency of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The ring resonator method is used with a Pyrex glass capillary in the center to interrogate the electrical characteristics of this sensor such as permittivity, permeability, and conductivity. The results obtained reveal that the proposed sensor presents a displacement sensitivity in the fundamental frequency, when it is used in the characterization of samples whose permittivity is within the range 1 to 80. In addition, it has a compact size, as it only measures 42 mm x 46 mm. In addition, some heavy metals that can be found in the environment were simulated. The results obtained allow us to show that the proposed sensor turns out to be an interesting alternative because its manufacture is simple and inexpensive. Furthermore, it can be easily integrated into wireless sensor networks, which are of wide interest at an industrial level since it can be easily integrated with emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things.
Edison A. Zapata Ochoa, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Facultad de Ingenierías. Medellín, Colombia.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-2320
Hernán D. Machuca, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Facultad de Ingenierías. Medellín, Colombia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1029-2794
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Accepted 2023-07-21
Published 2023-06-26
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