Scoping acoplado a la metodología de Conesa para la evaluación ambiental de un sistema avanzado de descontaminación de lixiviado de relleno sanitario
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Los lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios son efluentes generados por la degradación de los residuos sólidos y la percolación del agua lluvia, que arrastra las sustancias orgánicas e inorgánicas y que esta caracterizado por ser un líquido de color oscuro con compuestos tóxicos, peligrosos, patogénicos, entre otras. Es importante mencionar, que de no recibir un adecuado tratamiento tienen la capacidad de afectar negativamente el medio ambiente. No obstante, se ha demostrado que al utilizar procesos de oxidación avanzada acoplados a tratamientos biológicos se logra reducir la carga contaminante de este líquido residual. Con el objetivo de determinar los impactos sobre los componente biótico, abiótico y socioeconómico, en la actual investigación se llevó a cabo un “Scoping”, que sirvió como insumo para la cuantificación del impacto ambiental realizada a través de la metodología de Conesa. Como resultado principal se obtuvo que las fugas de lixiviado durante le procesos de tratamiento afectan notoriamente la calidad del agua y a su vez alteran el equilibrio del ecosistema con el que entran en contacto. Como medida correctiva se planteó, ejercer medidas de control sobre las tuberías y el flujo del sistema para evitar esta contingencia. Positivamente se destaca el cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y el aumento de la disponibilidad del recurso hídrico gracias a la efectividad del tratamiento realizado.
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