Dinámica de sistemas para explorar escenarios de expansión comercial en una empresa ferretera

Publicado: 21-10-2026

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Personas autoras

Introducción: La expansión comercial de largo plazo mediante aliados comerciales independientes involucra realimentaciones entre la identificación de candidatos, la activación y el retiro y la demanda generada por distintos canales. 
Objetivo: Desarrollar un modelo de dinámica de sistemas basado en un caso empresarial que apoye la discusión gerencial, permita explorar el comportamiento de una red propuesta de aliados comerciales y demuestre la interacción entre adquisición, retiro, capacidad, transición de ventas y demanda por canal. 
Metodología: Se implementó en Vensim PLE 10.4.0 un modelo determinista de niveles y flujos, empleando promedios históricos mensuales obtenidos del ERP Enterprise para 2017-2019 y supuestos empresariales específicos del caso. Se separó la demanda mensual (unidades/mes) de la demanda acumulada (unidades). Las simulaciones utilizaron integración Euler durante 240 meses, con un paso mensual. 
Resultados: La evaluación de consistencia dimensional no identificó errores de unidades y el modelo generó el comportamiento esperado en las cinco pruebas de condiciones extremas documentadas. Frente al escenario base del 18%, las tasas de adquisición de 25% y 35% incrementaron la demanda mensual en el mes 48 en 2,83% y 5,07% respectivamente. En el mes 240, los incrementos fueron 2,16% y 3,88%, mientras que la demanda acumulada aumentó 2,54% y 4,54%. 
Conclusiones: El modelo es internamente consistente y contextualmente plausible para la exploración y demostración metodológica bajo supuestos explícitos. Sus resultados permiten interpretar trayectorias condicionales para apoyar la discusión gerencial y análisis posteriores.   

Diego León Peña Orozco, Programa de Ingeniería Industrial, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, Tuluá, Colombia.

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Mauricio López Orozco, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca - UCEVA

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Andrés Mauricio Paredes Rodríguez , Programa de Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

PhD Candidate in Engineering at Universidad del Valle, Colombia. He holds a Master’s degree in Engineering and a Bachelor’s degree in Industrial Engineering from the same institution. He is recognized as an Associate Researcher by Minciencias and serves as an adjunct professor at Universidad del Valle. His research interests include optimization, simulation, and supply chain management.

Jesús González-Feliu, Excelia Business School, La Rochelle, France

Full Professor and Scientific Coordinator for public funded calls for projects at Excelia Business School, La Rochelle, France. He holds a Habilitation to Direct Researches in Economic Sciences, a PhD. in Computer and Systems Sciences, a MSc. in Sustainable Transport and a MSc. in Civil and Urban Engineering. He is an author of more than 75 papers in international peer-reviewed journals, four books, more than 20 book chapters, and more than 150 conference presentations, mainly on the subjects of urban freight transport modelling, collaborative decision support, urban and humanitarian logistics, and interactive/group problem solving.

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