Hydrothermal treatment at low temperature of a clinoptilolite-rich tuff in NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH) solutions
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Anatural clinoptilolite-rich tuff from Miocene volcanic area of Tokay Mountains of Hungary was converted to higher value-added synthetic products under hydrothermal conditions. Clinoptilolite was hydrothermally activated with NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)as activating agents to synthesize high purity products, which include zeolite Na-P1 2(GIS), zeolite K-F (EDI) and calcium hydroxides and silicates. The synthesis products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry techniques. Results obtained in this study are important both to evaluate the influence of the activating agent on the formation of new zeolitic phases and to simulate the geological conditions of formation of zeolites and other mineral phases.
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